Essay on The First Red Scare - 1651 Words

As World War I was heading towards its end Russia was focusing on internal issues. Led by Vladimir Lenin the Bolsheviks embarked on a campaign against the war. Using propaganda which focused on trying to turn the allied troops against their officers Lenin looked to inspire a socialist revolution. The Bolsheviks were also fueled by the poor conditions of the Russian Army. Nicholas II, in a letter to his wife Alexandra, admitted the obstacles that the Russian Army faced, Again that cursed question of shortage of artillery and rifle ammunition - it stands in the way of an energetic advance. Czar Nicholas tried to deny the fact that his Army was in no condition to continue the fight. Lenin and the Bolsheviks used this information to gain†¦show more content†¦Fully 90 percent of the Communist and Anarchist agitation is traceable to aliens. Through the use of the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 Palmer began his campaign against this threat against our governm ent. Palmer used this legislation as justification of his actions. The best example of Palmers manipulation of the law to take normally illegal action against suspects was on January 2nd 1920. Palmer had federal agents round up thousands of suspected subversives without respecting those individuals constitutional rights as American citizens. This was not the first time in our history that the government has backed the unnecessary persecution of a group of people based on fear that they would eventually take over the United States and change the American way of life. One event in history that has similar attributes to this period is the passing of the Chinese exclusion act. These two occurrences, although for different reasons, were very similar in the tactics that were employed to enforce and justify superfluous panic. Around the late 1870s the country was beginning to worry about the constant immigration of aliens into the Untied States. This frightened Americans. Widespread worry infected the country. The biggest fear was that America would lose its identity and be run over by the ideas of these immigrants and the nations they came from. One of the largest groups of immigrants into the United States was the Chinese, CaliforniaShow MoreRelatedThe Palmer Shootings During The 1920s819 Words   |  4 Pagesthirty-three cities were arrested and charged with anarchy without evidence. The cause for their imprisonment happened to be an effect from the Palmer Raids. Numerous Americans felt the Palmer Raids were in relation to past disasters such as: the Red Scare, May Day, and the Bolshevik Revolution. In June 1919, several cities were bombed. Including the home of Attorney General of the United States, A. Mitchell Palmer. The raids were conducted in the following cities: Cleveland, Denver, Des Moines,Read MoreRed Scare And The Crucible Comparison Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesThe Red Scare and The Salem Witch Trials were both events that left a mark in American history. The Red Scare began in 1917 and took place across the United States. The Red Scare was known as the widespread promotion of anti-communism. The Salem Witch Trials began in 1692 and took place in Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem Witch Trials were various court hearings and prosecutions of people in Salem accused of Witchcraft. Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible, a play about The Salem Witch Trials, to sendRead MoreFears Of Communism : The Cold War792 Words   |  4 Pagesorder requires all federal employees to be analyzed on whether they are loyal to the government or not. This order was directly associated with t he Red Scare happening in the U.S. because the president was afraid that communists would eventually take over the government and replace democracy with a dictatorship. Another political effect of the Red Scare was the House Un-Americans Committee (HUAC.) HUAC forced people in the movie industry to renounce left-wing political beliefs and testify against oneRead MoreThe Red Scare By Shianne Campbell1189 Words   |  5 PagesRed Scare Essay By shianne Campbell My position is the Red Scare. First of all, the reason why I picked this topic was because the Red Scare was an effect from the Cold War. In other words, this was a political, social, and economic matter involving the communist party, USA government, teachers, and leaders. As follows, this issue was taken place in the USA in the late 1940’s through the early 1950’s.(1947-1957) Therefore, this conflict was many leaders, professors, other teachers, and many otherRead More1950s Red Scare And Its Effects On The United States With Communism And Nuclear Espionage1239 Words   |  5 PagesCole Amadio US II Mr. Metz 12/2/15 1950s Red Scare In the 1950s there was a red scare that threatened the United States with communism and Nuclear espionage. The scare was questioned if it was conspiracy or not, but it was justified because of the spies and Soviet Union threatening the United states security. Through decryptions, trials and investigations these threats were justified because of the Venona project, the project was a secret organization that gathered and decrypted messages from sovietRead MoreThe Murder And Robbery Of A Shoe Factory1112 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1920, during the height of the Red Scare, a shoemaker, Nicola Sacco (1891-1927), and a fish peddler, Bartolomeo Vanzetti (1888-1927), were accused of robbing and murdering the paymaster and guard of a shoe company in South Braintree, Massachusetts. Known as anarchists and draft evaders, the accused men faced a hostile judge and a public convinced of their guilt. Despite Sacco s corroborated testimony that he was at the Italian consulate in Boston at the time of the murder, the two were foundRead MoreThe Red Scare Essay examples1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe First and Second Red Scare of the United States paved the way for a long standing fear of communism and proved to be one of America’s largest periods of mass hysteria. Throughout the years authors and analysts have studied and formed expository albeit argumentative books and articles in an attempt to further understand this period of time; the mindset held during this period however is shown to be completely different compared to now. Major and still important was the First Red Scare stemmingRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Vs. Red Scare1274 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Van De Motter American Literature 7th 31 October 2017 The Salem Witch Trials vs. The Red Scare â€Å"All wish to possess knowledge, but few, comparatively speaking, are willing to pay the price(Juvenal)†. This quote represents the knowledge that a single human being may have, but may not wish to use in situations. Numerous Historians have marked The Salem Witch Trials and The Red Scare as both Era’s of Hysteria among the people of the U.S, this research will explain the makingsRead MoreMcCarthyism: The Manipulation of Fear in America During the Red Scare600 Words   |  3 PagesMcCarthyism: The Manipulation of Fear in America During the Red Scare Is war the greatest weapon that political leaders can use? The answer is no because the manipulation of the minds of citizens can be used to enforce almost any demand imaginable. During the Red Scare, Senator Joseph McCarthy used this tactic to exploit the fear of Communists in ordinary United States citizens. The Red Scare was the most influential event on America in the 20th century because it made the U.S. biased againstRead MoreThe Second Red Scare During The Cold War With The Soviet Union1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe Second Red Scare started in the opening phases of the Cold War with the Soviet Union. The Second Red Scare refers to the anti-communist passion that affected American politics, culture and society in the 1940s and 1950s. Interpretations of the Second Red Scare have ranged between two poles: one emphasizing the threat posed to national security by the Communist Party, and the other emphasizing the threat to democracy posed by political repression. Americans his torically have been fearful of â€Å"enemies

Taliban/Osama Movie Free Essays

J. Galloway, T. Lockett, M. We will write a custom essay sample on Taliban/Osama Movie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Franklin Dr. Newson-Horst Humanities 301 March 7, 2013 Taliban/Osama The Taliban are a large Sunni Islamist group of men who rule in Afghanistan. The Taliban presence in Afghanistan was densest in 1996 on through 2001. The Taliban presence/force declined in 2001 with the invasion of the U. S. military in The Middle East after the September 11 attacks. The Taliban began as a distinct group who fought alongside other mujahedeen groups during the Cold War against the Soviet Union. In the early to late 1980’s the Cold War allowed the Taliban to rise to power. The Taliban group was set apart from other mujahedeen groups because of their focus on the learning and teaching of the Islamic faith alongside actual fighting. The film Osama written by Siddiq Barmak, provides an accurate depiction of the Taliban in Afghanistan by its in depth portrayal of the Taliban’s religious values, control, and acts of violence. The religious values of the Taliban are what form them as a group. Anyone who wished to fight on the Taliban front would have to comply with their strict routine of prayer and study which filled their lives when they were not fighting. In the film viewers may perhaps gain this interpretation as they watched the young boys hauled off to a Taliban ran school where they prayed and studied the Qur’an in several scenes. The Taliban follow the Islamic faith very strictly sticking to traditional views and values especially towards women. The women under Taliban control cannot work, wear what they please, or come and go as they please. The religious values learned and taught by the Taliban takes a huge toll on the everyday lives of the people who are succumbed to that way of life. The Taliban has a substantial amount of control in Afghanistan with fifty-four percent of the control being permanent. Taliban ruled areas are doomed with laws and constant terror. The women are harassed and forced to wear burkas at all times. In the film a member of the Taliban warns a husband to make his wife cover her feet in fear of other men being aroused by her feet. The Taliban in Afghanistan gain finances through drug trafficking, kidnapping, and foreign donations. Private citizens from Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Iran, and some Persian Gulf nations are the largest contributors to the donations of the Taliban group in Afghanistan. The group was trademarked by controlling women to wear burkas, banning television, and jailing men whose beards were deemed too short. These controlling antics are depicted throughout the film. The violent nature of the Taliban is heavily present in the film Osama. In one scene women were protesting for the right to work to provide for their families. The Taliban blasted these women and their children with water and sprayed bullets into the crowd. Several protesting women were jailed for their participation. The Taliban also participates in kidnapping as a means of financial gain. They commit high profile kidnappings for ransom to fund their terror. Finally, the Taliban has its own judicial system where many people have their lives taking away for random acts of resistance against Taliban law. In the film one can see an American reporter sentenced to death for recording the Taliban. The Taliban conduct live stoning to death with its members and crowd. In conclusion, the Taliban’s large presence in Afghanistan has been in place for a very long time. The lifestyle of Middle Eastern women, men, and children are shaped around the ruling of the Taliban. The Taliban parade the streets and cause terror in the lives of its people. The film Osama aided with the understanding of the Taliban rule. Viewers gain a first-hand interpretation of the hardships faced under Taliban rule and how tough it is to uphold as a family. Citations Ansari, Fahad. â€Å"Understanding the Taliban Movement. † Harakah Daily/en H 1434 (2013): n. pag. 06 Mar. 2013. Web. Bajoria, Jayshree. â€Å"Council on Foreign Relations. † Backgrounder (n. d. ): n. pag. Council on Foreign Relations. 06 Oct. 2011. Web. 05 Mar. 2013. Fremson, Ruth. Taliban (n. d. ): n. pag. Nytimes. com. The New York Times, 10 Oct. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2013. http://topics. nytimes. com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/t/taliban/index. html. How to cite Taliban/Osama Movie, Papers

Once Upon The Cross(1995) by Deicide free essay sample

This is going to be a doosy. Deicide, a death metal band hailing from Miami, Florida much like other bands such as Cannibal Corpse or Death. Only this time, they are antichristian so they can cause massive controversy. Though, even for you Christians, that shouldnt stop you from listening to them. The album here is only nine tracks long and every track is less than four minutes. Some less than three. In other words this album is well under half an hour which is very short, even for something like death metal. While the incredibly short lengths maybe a little disappointing, they have more if you want more but even still, they will be well over before you know it. This is also a good album for people with short attention spans because the songs are short and you have half an hour. Running? Maybe not as good as old school thrash but its still doable. We will write a custom essay sample on Once Upon The Cross(1995) by Deicide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The only real problem is the length of the album being way too short. Even still, if Im in a hurry or want to play something short and fun, Deicide has my back. This album will not be for everyone for sure but if you like it, good for you. As for me, I give this album a 9/10.

Violence In The Media Essays - Dispute Resolution, Crime

Violence In The Media Violence in the Media ?Monkey see, monkey do? has become a well-known saying in today's modern, media warped society, but is it correct? What has the world come to these days? It often seems like everywhere one looks, violence rears its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. The last of these, our homes, is a major source of violence. In many peoples' living rooms there sits an outlet for violence that often goes unnoticed. It is the television, and the people who view it are often pulled into its realistic world of violence scenes with sometimes devastating results. Much research has gone into showing why our society is so mesmerized by this big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Only a mere sixty years ago the invention of the television was viewed as a technological breakthrough with black and white ghost-like figures on a screen so small, hardly anyone could see them. Today that curiosity has become a constant companion to 90% of the American po pulation (Sherrow 26), mainly, children and teenagers. From reporting the news and advertising in order to persuade us to buy certain products, to providing programs that depict violence, television has all but replaced written material. Unfortunately, it is these violent programs that are endangering our present-day society. Violent images on television, as well as in the movies, have inspired people to set spouses on fire in their beds, lie down in the middle of highways, extort money by placing bombs in airplanes, rape, steal, murder, and commit numerous other shootings and assaults. (Brown 78) Most of what is broadcast or transmitted even in the news today is with reference to the chaotic condition of our planet, or something else that society as a whole sees as detrimental or damaging. The average American child will witness...200,000 acts of media violence by the time that child graduates from high school.? (Sherrow 6) Children have never been very good at listening to their elders, James Baldwin wrote in Nobody Knows my Name. But they have never failed to imitate them. (Sherrow 56) This basic truth has all but disappeared as the public increasingly treats teenagers as a robot-like population under sway of an exploitative media. White House officials lecture film, music, Internet, fashion, and pop-culture moguls and accuse them of programming kids to smoke, drink, shoot up, have sex, and kill. A recent report from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) pools evidence from over 2,500 studies within the last decade on over 100,000 subjects from several nations to show that the compiled evidence of the media's influence on behavior is so overwhelming that there is a consensus in the research community that violence in the media does lead to aggressive behavio r (Methvin 49). Given that the majority of scientific community agrees that the research findings of the NIMH publication support conclusion of a causal relationship between television violence and aggressive behavior (Wurtzel 21), why is it that the Saturday morning cartoons? are the most violent time slot on television? (Methvin 49) And that despite slight variations over the past decade, the amount of violence in the media has remained at consistently high levels (Wurtzel 23). Despite the negative effects media violence has been known to generate, no drastic changes have been made to deal with this problem that seems to be getting worse. We, as a whole, have glorified this violence so much that movies such as ?Natural Born Killers? and television shows such as ?Mighty Morphin Power Rangers? are viewed as normal, everyday entertainment. It's even rare now to find a children's cartoon that does not depict some type of violence or comedic aggression. It is this aggression that is rubbing off on our society, and it is this aggression that we are trying to hide. Why is it that like the tobacco companies twenty years ago, the present day television broadcasting companies refuse to consent that violent films and programming can and do have harmful effects on their viewers (Rowland 280) What can be done to combat the stubborn minded broadcasting companies and to reduce the amount of violent scenes that

Technology has bring us to a new scenery where readily available is potentiality of both opportunity and coercion. The WritePass Journal

Technology has bring us to a new scenery where readily available is potentiality of both opportunity and coercion. Introduction Technology has bring us to a new scenery where readily available is potentiality of both opportunity and coercion. IntroductionDomain of study:Exploring information in the outside world.Technology and Organization:Privacy issues in relation to CustomersPrivacy issues in relation to EmployeesConclusionRelated Introduction Technology has bring us to a new scenery where readily available is potentiality of both opportunity and coercion. On top of the one side technology have redefined whatever we do (for example message, production, distribution etc.) is very easier. On the other hand it have increased unprincipled practices like pilfering others information, downloading inappropriate equipment, tools, information or data and   stealing others acknowledgment card, credit card, number etc.,   and misuse it . (Whitaker, 1999; Sheikh et al., 2000). People encompass to hide their secret. Departing online means that anything you converse can be read and tracked with no trouble. In present scenario we can exchange a few words with anyone everywhere in the world through easy source of internet. E-commerce and internet publicity are booming day by day, this change in the resources of communication have let enormous amount of our data and activities we did to be composed and stored in the databases of individuals who provide services like Internet service Providers (IPS) mobile and telephone operators, and others (Whitaker, 1999; Rauhofer, 2008   Laudon and Laudon, 2009). Information technologies facilitate in collection of information, storing and retrieving them when needed. It helps managers of different levels and other workers of the organisation in making decision, and maintaining coordination and control (Whitaker, 1999; Laudon and Laudon 2009). Today’s technological infrastructure has allowed us to access information easily and hence increased their value as well. Anything which can be digitized in a form of bits is information. Information has different values (for instance entertainment value, educational value etc.). The technology has made possible the delivery of information to the end users (Shapiro and Varian, 1999). The present article therefore critically, examine the affect of privacy about clients or customers and employees into relation with the companies. Within order to carry on so a apparent view of privacy , and how information are used and store is analysed first. This will be follow by how big business corporation are using advance technology to supervise workforce and how they are jamboree information from the clients are described Subsequent to that issue concerning clients privacy and workforce privacy are deiscussed. The succeeding section will talk about about whether privacy matters or not. The final conclusion is drained from all the debate. Nevertheless, there are numerous who dispute that privacy is deceased and we should gain knowledge of to get over it., also   there are a number of individuals who say there ought to be privacy and if any person tries to break the privacy they should be punshied. Domain of study: Clients or customers confidential information privacy means to make them relaxing in disclose their personal information as necessary by the administration (Hsu and Kuo, 2003; Sheikh et al., 2000; Akcura et al., 2009). According to the words of   Westin (1967) privacy is persons concern to manage terms and conditions under which his or her personal statistics is composed and used, personal data means the objects or figures or information which is linked with an identifiable personality. On or after business direct of view privacy is building customers at simplicity disclose their information essential for connection advertising. (Resnick and Montania, 2003) Exploring information in the outside world. Over the history of few years customers are more worried about the defeat of privacy because of the degeneration state of Internet which inculde of junk e-mail, track of users piece of paper narration from beginning to end like cookies and undesired contribution and giving out of user information for purpose incompatible with the original one, we can take the   example of the case of America Online which sell its consumers information such as private information, monetary information and current or previous or any othere internet deeds etc. (Milberg et al., 1995; Wanget et al., 1998; cited by Hsu and Kuo, 2003). Here the challenge is that for the customers is about that they doesn’t know who is accumulate their data and what is through with the information. Private information is composed from the consumer so that the seller can make a long term connection with the clients, if people are influenced that the corporation comply with privacy policies and rules then they may not be uncertain to share their information and as well as they might trounce with the unease related to privacy (Resnick and Montania, 2003). However, there are only a small number of people who in fact read the policies and rules. Depnding on the   report by Jupiter Media Metrix (Cyber Atlas, 2002) 40 percent providers or users understand the privacy policies earlier than construction a purchase .(Resnick and Montania, 2003). On the whole privacy concerned and not enthusiastic or agreed to share private information was seen as a danger or hazard to e-commerce by Clinton Administration. According to Green (1998)   a community opinion review has originate that for the reason that of privacy concern and individuals who are not online do not determination to go online. Other survey (Georgia Tech Research Corporation 1997, Privacy and American Business 1997) has create that users who are online refute to give information or supply false information if the location be unsuccessful to show why their information are being composed and how it is leaving to be used (Culnan, 2000). Collection of information and usage: According to Resnick and Montania (2003), the retailers collect the information from the customers in two ways: a)   active collection (client declared data). b)   inactive collection (behavioural and purchase information) The retailer can agree on the customers’ preference by: Click stream Tracking: it is a tool that track the data   about the customer activities and amass them in a record. It accounts the location you have logged in or visited and pages you visited on your place, time used up on every site and what you have purchase etc., Collaborative filter: it refers to a   software that track users actions on a spot which compare the information it gains about users performance, so that it can forecast what the client want in the container of other client with similar concentration   we can go for an example of amazon.com. According to the collected information the vendor or the retailer can then be familiar with about clients or the customers’ buying routine and their preference and use these information to particularly goal at advertising. The world famous search engine Google has completed more than ten billion dollars in the year 2006 from online ad’s. (Laudon and Laudon ,2003) Technology and Organization: The progression   in the information technology has render a lot of rules and policies and laws of slight or no outcome. There are some technical trends that are accountable for ethical quandary and they comprise the trend of twice computing supremacy in every 18 months and the collision of this trend has ended association rely on computer system for well-organized and efficient operation. The technical development has distorted the method we do business. The establishment should act in response with the change taking position in order to stay spirited in todays’ ever altering environment. One feature of the management to direct with the changes is to go after the technological ethics and set of laws. Organisations must classify the policy as on how they are going to make use of the possessions and what is the penalty are for misusing it (Sheikh et al., 2000). Latest data or information technical infrastructure has not only shaped opportunities but trouble as well, managers of the associations or organisations need to deal with these issues and be attentive of and greeting the influence of information scheme, so that they can get reimburse from the new technology they have taken (Laudon and Laudon, 2003). Several business managers be short of in information which marks in wrong conclusion , that is the cause why mainly of them rely on guesses and the result is not definite. In the end it reduce sales and clients as well, information technologies have facilitate manager to make use of concurrent data whereas making decision if we take the example of one of the biggest Bell operating companies in the United States called Verizon Corporation uses a Web based digital control panel which provide real time information concerning customers acquiescent network recital of each neighbourhood and damaged chart. Utilizing the data they get can obtain immediate deed for repair and preservation.(Laudon and Laudon, 2009) The organisations should distinguish among public and private, if workforce are to be monitor they must be knowledgeable before dispense. Generally all organisations these days use video cameras at way in and exit and frequently in parking and elevators. The cause behind this is for the protection and security of the regulars, clients, customers, staffs, equipments and the place as well. They can keep hold of and amass the tape for a exact period after that the tape should be shattered. This means information have to be held till its rationale for collecting vestiges and must be smashed when the purpose is satisfied. (Sheikh et al., 2000; CMA Management 2005) Information systems deliberate data in computer records which has extremely probability to be access by other. Consequently these kind of data are additional prone to fault, fraud and mistreatment therefore those organisations that depends mainly on digitized system knowledge heavy defeat when the scheme fails. Consequently company needs to be responsive and take extra step to protect the information and make certain , that their system is running healthy (Laudon and Laudon; 2003). Usually corporate privacy cover clients privacy and employees privacy., any breach in the privacy can charge a enormous loss to the organisation not only in financial form but it also wounded its reputation in the marketplace United Kingdom Financial Services Authority (FSA) fine nearly  £1 million with Nationwide Building Society for the seepage of information next the stealing of a laptop from an member of staff in 2006. Within the company had to expend a massive amount to notify the customers of the risk they had to tolerate. Therefore extreme concern must be known to make certain that the information whether composed in document or digitized form must be reserved safely and shattered after the work is done (Carlson, 2006; Eric, 2010). Internet is more susceptible because it is unlock to all anyone can make use of or mishandling it. While internet become a fraction of the organisational system, the organisations system might be at risk as well. Organisations must be unbolt to th e internal workforce and external party like clients, regulars, suppliers and trader and their information must be kept confidential when they are automatically transmitted. By means of doing so only the trade or business can get advantage from electronic commerce (Laudon and laudon; 2003). Privacy issues in relation to Customers Organizations nowadays take on e-commerce to gather huge data of regulars, they can then propose superior military to customers, which will increase consumer worth and their faithfulness too.   In addition they can split the information by means of third parties and boost their profits from cross selling. With the intention of this, the reason why customers in the era of electronic business are worried about the information composed by the organisations. Although, organisations have influenced their customers that their database are safe and sound and will not be collective with anyone   inactive the customers are worried. (Akcura et al., 2009) Nearly everyone   the commercial activities, we create gives information about our exchange routine and choices. In the year 1990 Lotus Corporation have developed a CD-ROM and bring in the marketplace which contain generated Information (TGI). It clearly shows the buying ways or patterns and profits of 120 millions individuals of United States. Later than the remonstration has been made Lotus was strained to withdraw the manufactured goods or proucts (Brin, 1998).   According to the Carole Lane in ‘Naked in Cyberspace’   just commencement with the name and address, it is without difficulty could possible to find out what you do; what is your spouse and children name, which car you use and how much you give for tax, over all of your information just in little hours (Brin ,1998). In the majority of the supermarkets they concern a club certificate like Tosco Club Card, Sainsbury’s Nectar Card etc.   Clients or Customers sign their card before paying in order to get bonus and discount. Nearly everyone of us understand this as now the supermarket will correlate our exchange pattern in a record so that the company can think likely our needs, which is helpful both for the corporation and us as well.   Although a number of privacy advocates discover it as frightening to picture expressive all the details of the card (Brin, 1998). Google is the famous and number one tool people use to search any kind of information on the internet. It maintains the records of all search engines and IP addresses for nearly two years. The company identify users with a unique cookie. Thus, the most troubling factor to privacy experts is the amount of information it has collected from its customers (Vaas, 2007). The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) had outlined the information that Google accumulate from its users: Google and you Technology  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What it track Google search  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Any explore or search term a user enters Google Desktop  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Index of a users’ computer files, e-mails, music, chat and Web browser history Google Talk  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Instant message chats between users Google Mail  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   User’s e-mail history; default setting retains e-mails indefinitely Google Calendar  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   User’s schedule Google Orkut  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social networking tool stores personal data, such as name and location Google Reader  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ATOM and RSS feeds that a user reads Google Video orYouTube  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Videos watched by a user The other division which has knowledgeable a momentous change in message and storage owing to advance skill or knowledge is medical field. The exercise to uphold medical evidence of patients by electronic means could help to get rid of human errors. On the other hand these compensation come with linked risks as well.   The privacy of the patients information could be at risk while store on a web server which can possibly access from any place in the earth. Privacy human rights Clearinghouse (2005) has claim that over 218 million data has been stolen since January 2005 which consist at least 34 million of medical information Consequently, in spite of having a number of payback of Electronic Health Records (EHR), readily available are some salient risks concerning client privacy (Clarke et al., 2009). Privacy issues in relation to Employees The privacy of workforce has become an budding issue of apprehension mainly to executive, supervisors and workers. While there is complexity in monitoring and controlling the workers technology has provide employers with contemporary and advance resources of monitoring workforce at work. Technology enables employers to evidence each and the whole obsession employees do. Employers in many countries like Canada, Japan etc. use monitoring as a output tools (Conlon, 1997; Guftey and West, 1996). Technology have made the work of human Resource professional easier to maintain enormous data of history and in attendance employees. Their job is to manage the activities of the company like: recruitment, training, promotion and to keep evidence. In several organisations Human Resource professionals might be touching and modify the individual information of workers than any other section So, it seems that they are the one who are possible to harm personal information than others. A folder of personal information of workers is human Resource Information System (HRIS). It use a relational catalogue to store up and make a distinction all the files that are concurrent by some general elements (for e.g. ID number or name or date of birth etc.) which tolerate other department and brushwood to access information (Hubbard et al., 1998; Eric, 2010). The apply of HRIS has better accuracy and data irretrievability.   But as the idea of privacy evolve Human Resource managers have to think and take steps to protected HRIS by humanizing and as long as training to workers and making them conscious of the issues, tuition employees to sign off correctly using passwords to protecte facts and not allowing to split passwords with anybody else and others. By focusing on the reason and quantity of data composed HR managers can reduce privacy actions and preserve high moral principles (Eric, 2010). There has been a tremendous increase on monitoring workers behaviours over the last ten years (Brown, 1996). According to managers, it is essential for the business to ensure staffs accountability by spying on them, tracking all the e-mails, phone calls, logging trips to the bathroom etc. but the opponents of this concept regards it as violating human rights (Brin, 1998). Another area of privacy litigation is monitoring of e-mail. Many employees assume that e-mail messages are private and confidential and cannot be seen by others, but their assumption is not fully right. One of the privacy advocates Marc Rotenberg said that â€Å"E-mail is more like a postcard than a sealed letter† (Guftey and West, 1996). A new technology which is seeing growing is genetic screening of employees by which employers can screen genetic composition of employees which indicate biological predispositions. By checking the pre-employment data employers can then reject those employees who have more possibility to fall sick. The selected employees may be then given a smart identity with a micro-chip through which management can track whatever the employees do (Sloane, 1992; Hurd, 1990; Olian, 1984 cited by Brown, 1996 ) According to Brown (1996) privacy must be judged and maintained correctly. According to him organisations must constantly scan and assess the privacy need. If there is correct balance between rights, policies and practices, the outcome is positive for both individual and organisation. But if there is incorrect balance then the result is negative such as increased conflict, violation and potential litigation. This can be illustrated in figure as below: Chart: outcomes of privacy practices and workers needs by Brown (1986). For that reason managers must endeavour to keep up employee safety and protect their privacy and human rights and reduce disruption in the place of work (Guftey and West, 1996). According to the isolation or privacy advocate John P. Barlow it is good, not to have any covert because everybody would be more more contented and safer if people does not have no matter which to hide, no one can go alongside anyone (Brin ,1998). At the present time people divide information online with no caring in relation to privacy. The interview by MSNBC with Google CEO Eric Schmidt, he alleged if somebody doesn’t want persons to know what he or she is doing online, he or she should not be exploit it online. Additional he argue that if anybody is penetrating some location it doesn’t indicate that he or she wants to share the information through others. There are some responsive information which are classified and which he or she doesn’t want others to identify (Rapoza, 2010). Consequently it seems that if persons think and judge that privacy is dead they won’t care about it (Rapoza, 2010).   Other than there are many other people who argue that th ere should be privacy. People these days are misusing technology. We can take an example of e-monitoring abuse is the case of Holy Cross Hospital in Silver Spring, Maryland during 1987. A hidden camera was placed in a nurse’s locker room to monitor suspected theft, later the recording was broadcasted on TV monitor which was seen by security chief (male). After complaints the camera was removed (Guftey and West, 1996). Conclusion Technology has urbanized so far, that there is no such obsession in the globe which is not exaggerated by it. Technical advancement have made the procedure of meeting storing and retrieve of data simple, fast growth in information and technology has prearranged rise to the subject on privacy. Individuals are more anxious about privacy these days than they used to be. In conversation about privacy,   privacy differ in itself. According to the   Google CEO individuals who are frightened and doesn’t want whatever thing to be joint with anyone, it is enhanced not to go on-line. In this twenty first century, there are barely few persons who don’t go online. People nowadays; use social networking like facebook, twitter which show that people today doesn’t care about privacy. In the company of the change in time, the way by which organization used to observe and manage workforce has been distorted. Regardless of the reimbursement from technology it bring hazard to individuals as well. The essential one is threat to privacy. Close at hand are still persons who believe with the intention of there should be privacy and it is their human precise. It is obvious that to run a business we have to gather information about regulars and workforce at workplace. But the direct of centre slander in to what degree employee’s information and customer’s facts should be together. Since   privacy breaches, many fake cases are rising in digit like: using others acknowledgement, credit card, using other identity, disclose other private data for the tremble of money or amusing etc. There are at a standstill debate and issues regarding privacy. For that reason, it would be advantageous to all if knowledge or technology is seen in a constructive rather than in a pessimistic way. The only object is while adopting new-fangled technologies individuals should think about using it correctly and exactly so that everybody could get benefits.

ACT Advice Top 5 Tips on Preparing for the Test

ACT Advice Top 5 Tips on Preparing for the Test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re looking for a concise, effective list of the bestACT advice, you’ve found it. Sometimes too much information can do more harm than good - in this post, I’ll lay out the five most importantthings you should do in order to do well on the ACT. Let's get to it! Tip #1:Figure Out Your Pain Points If you're gearing up to study for (and take) the ACT, you'll want to focus onimproving your weakest skills. So what are the biggest, most common problem areas that students have when preparing for the exam? 1. Content The ACT isn't a one-subject test - in order to do well, you'll have to prepare for the English, Math, Reading, and Science sections (not to mention the optional Writing section). If you're weak in a particular subject area in school, for example, you may see a weaker performance in the corresponding ACT section. 2. Timing The ACT isdivided into strictly timed sections, meaning you have less time to both complete questions and check your work. You may know everything you need to know, but still have issues with completing sections within the allottedtime limit. 3. Strategy Many standardized tests (the ACT included) list confusing or even misleading questions and/or answer choices. You may lose points (even if you know the relevant material) on tricky questions like this. To do well on the ACT, you'll, of course, need to think aboutall three major problem areas. You'll want to spend time thinking critically, though, about which of these areas are your major "pain points" - areas that are leading to the greatest loss of points. The best way to do this is to workthrough official ACT practicematerial. Once you've gone through a few practice sections (or, ideally, a whole ACT practice test) under realistic timing conditions, you can get a better idea of where you should focus your efforts. Get started by checking out our guide to reflecting on your ACT practice tests. Tip #2:Make a Study Plan Once you figure out what you need to practice most, your next step should be to lay out a time-sensitive and weakness-sensitive study plan. What I mean by this is you should set a study schedule based on 1) the amount of time you have to prepare for the ACT, and 2) your test content and strategy weaknesses. The amount of time you need to study depends on how much you want to improve from your baseline score. Here are some general guidelines for the amount of time you should prep depending on thesegoals: 0-1 Composite Score Improvement: 10 hours 1-2 Composite Score Improvement: 20 hours 2-4 Composite Score Improvement: 40 hours 4-6 Composite Score Improvement: 80 hours 6-9 Composite Score Improvement: 150+ hours Some students canfollow through on a plan with just independent study, whereas other students fare better with help from a tutoror an ACT prep course. If you’d like some more information on coming up with a study plan, check out our posts on how long you should study for the ACT and putting together a sample study schedule. Tip #3: Learn From Your Mistakes The most important part of studying effectively is critically analyzing how, why, and when you mess up. It’s also perhaps the least fun part of prepping for the ACT. Just keep in mind that if you’re not thinking about the problems, concepts, and strategies that you’re weak in, you’re missing out on valuable opportunities to improve your score. Mistakes and errors are only "bad" if you don't use them to improve. The big categories of errors and mistakes include: Careless errors - you should have known the right answer Content issues - you didn't have the information needed to answer the question Comprehension issues - you couldn't figure out what the question was asking Errors due to timing - these usually happen at the end of a section There are some simple, but important steps you should follow if you want to learn from your mistakes on ACT practice tests. Lucky for you, we have an awesome comprehensive guide on these strategies. You can also check out more detailed information on reflecting on ACT practice tests, ACT English, and ACT strategy mistakes. Tip #4: Work Efficiently You have to work efficiently if you want to do well on the ACT - this tip applies both when you’re studying for the test and when you’re actually taking the test. The bottom line is that if you’re not using your time wisely, you’re wasting time. To work efficiently as you study, it’s important that you do a few things: Stick to your study plan (Tip #2). It helps to set reasonable study goals, so you don't get distracted or side-tracked. Use the right study materials - don’t prepare with practice materials that won’t serve you well on the actual test. Focus on your pain points(Tip #1)first! To work effectively as you take the test,know that you'll be most effective if you've practiced developing time management skills through your prep. If you still need help with timing, though, you should read more about: How to stop running out of time on ACT reading How to stop running out of time on ACT math Time management for ACT science General ACT time management Tip #5:Take Care of Yourself Physically Mentally All of the previous ACT advicewon’t serve you well at all on test day if you’re stressed, hungry, or tired. No matter how much you may want to cram for the ACT the entire night before, keep in mind that your health and wellness is super important when it comes to your test performance. The ACT is a marathon, not a sprint, so prepare yourself the night before for a mental workout. This means getting a good night’s rest and a healthy breakfast (your brain needs fuel, you know)! There are even more things you can do to take care of yourself the night before and the morning of the ACT - following those strategies will help you optimize your score. Wrapping Up In short, here are the five most important things you should do to prepare for the ACT: Figure out your pain points Make a study plan Learn from your mistakes Work efficiently Take care of yourself physically mentally There's a lot more detail to get into when it comes to prepping for the test, but if you follow this ACT advice, you'll be on the right track. What's Next? Next comes the work of actually studying for the ACT! As it's best to focus first on your weaknesses, you may want to read up on the three core areas of ACT prep: content, timing, and strategy.Check out our guides to ACT reading, math, science, and writing. Read more about how to beat the clock when you're taking the test. Finally, read up on 12 last-minute strategies that will boost your score. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Marketing Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing Planning - Assignment Example Some dangled the benefit, some the direct offer, some contained a pricing cut, some concentrated on branding and gave away free items such as T-shirts. The goal was to determine the best motivation for customers that would make them purchase the car or, at the very least, show some interest on the product. They determined that the price discount is the best motivation. The $0 down offer resulted to 71 percent more direct responses than all of the other marketing offers they’ve launched in the past. He also went further by getting looking at where the customers came from, what they do, and their gender (Clifford, 2009). Mr. Herman used the data to convince Vespa that the $0 down is the most effective marketing offer and it is what should carried by the advertising agency. From the glory days of the glamorous Madison avenue, marketing has always been about creative images and catchy taglines but the current utilities available to businesses are allowing the collection of data to predict behaviour, determine climate of marketing environment and discover the most effective business strategy that to increase branding and revenues (Brennan, 2008). Such innovation could readily allow Starbucks to change its marketing strategy as dictated by the market. It is a true market – led strategic change. ... The Social assessment is a critical aspect because it examines the mainstream culture and how society will react to a product. Technology also affects the business. As new equipment and processes are developed, creating new products and producing the existing line becomes easier and more efficient. All these factors play a part in the marketing and affect the profitability of the company. b) Apply organisational and environmental auditing techniques to Starbucks. Starbucks is one of the very few companies who have the opportunity to establish an intimate relationship with its consumers (See figure 2 to see how Starbucks uses its IT) because of the different government policies that allowed it foster. It was able to advance its products, exercise freedom on designing marketing problems, advertising materials, and design its retail stores to reflect the image of freedom it projects. It is necessary to determine exactly how the US government was able to support this growth through the p olicies it set up such as business laws, taxes, employee rights, and others. For example, Starbucks enjoy big tax breaks on its environmental efforts. It has long supported recycling and the use of sustainable materials. It also provides incentives to customers who use their own cup when they go to Starbucks. Such efforts earn Starbucks as much $5,000 tax incentives for every $100,000 investment. The rate changes from state to state but nearly every State in America provides incentives. It can also enjoy tax incentives provided to big corporations. It is possible for Starbucks to measure the effects of these policies further by setting up a data-centered

Hostage Crisis of 1979 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hostage Crisis of 1979 - Research Paper Example number of hostages held down to 52.2 There are several questions that are being asked on what could have been the actual cause of the attack on the US embassy in Tehran by the pro Ayatollah students. There are varied views on what could have motivated them into the act. It is generally said that the Shah Pahlavi in New York may have been the cause of the crisis. Despite the acceptance of Shah into US soil being taken to be the immediate cause of the attack, the hostage taking was actually much more than Shah’s acceptance.3 This was an avenue that the participants in the act used to show that they were breaking away from the past where the Americans had been interfering with the Iran’s internal affairs by supporting Shah. Moreover, they used it to raise the profile of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The hostages were finally set free after 444 days on 21st January 1981.This coincided with the inaugural address of President Ronald Reagan. The immediate cause of this crisis was the decision by the Carter administration to accept Shah into the US.4 It was purported that Shah had travelled to the US to seek medical attention. This was a few months after government had been toppled by the Muslim Students Followers of Imam’s Line and other revolutionary groups in Iran that were opposed to Shah Pahlavi’s rule. The students were angered by the fact that Shah was accepted into the US despite the fact that he had committed atrocities against the Iranians. As a way of showing their disappointment, they decided to raid the US embassy. The group considered the USA to be the country that was responsible for the crimes that were committed by Shah and the decision by the Carter administration to accept Shah into the US was an act of disrespect to the Iranians.5 Shah Pahlavi and his administration have been blamed for the hostage crisis that took place on 1979.6 This is because he allowed the US to dictate how things were run in Iran especially when it came to matters

Hotspur and Hal is the main theme in Henry IV part one Essay Example for Free

Hotspur and Hal is the main theme in Henry IV part one Essay The contrast between Hotspur and Hal is the main theme in Henry IV part one and creates an enthralling play. Hal and Hotspur are total opposites in some ways but when examined more closely one sees that their moral values are the same. They are both ambitious and determined to succeed but only one can prevail. At the beginning of the play Henry IV draws a clear contrast between Hotspur and his son, whose reputation is sullied by riot and dishonour. The king then goes so far as to wish they had been exchanged when infants, so strongly does he feel the difference between them. There are many examples of the way that the two cannot exist at the same time. Hal and Hotspur are both heroes who want to win. Falstaff is the other main character in the play. Falstaff has a totally different view on honour to that of Hotspur. This is shown in Act II when Falstaff runs away from the two robbers, he values his safety much more than his reputation. Hotspur would never think about doing anything like that he would prefer to fight. In between these two extreme ideas of honour is Hal Throughout the play Shakespeare juxtaposes from one scene to another. One scene may be very solemn and serious and then the next scene amusing. For instance Act II scene iii is not one of merriment and mirth, Hotspur talks about the rebellion and how serious it is getting. The next scene, Act II scene iv, shows Hal in the tavern joking with Falstaff. Shakespeare juxtaposes to show the contrast between Hal and Hotspur. The juxtaposition shows how each hero copes with the situations that they find themselves in. It also shows how two people have different qualities and they are two different types of leaders. Shakespeare is asking what qualities does a good leader possesses As his nickname suggests, Harry Percy is an impulsive and reckless character that acts first and thinks later. His bravery and rashness are the two qualities constantly commented on by the other characters in the play. Henry sees Percy as a young god of war, Mars in swathling clothes and says he is acknowledged by all as the holder of military title capital. He is regarded as the greatest soldier in Europe. On the whole it is his bravery which impresses them most, for them he is the epitome of honour, the living example of those chivalric values to which a noble youth should aspire. By the end of the play however, we have had an opportunity to see Hotspur in perspective and our judgement of him is not so favourable. We realise that, brave and likeable as he is, his pursuit of honour is dangerously obsessive, so much so that it leads him to threaten the peace and unity of the kingdom. His cause however is right, Mortimer has more right to the throne than Henry. He is very proud and wo uld hate to look anything but the best. At the conclusion of the play Falstaff reduces honour to an empty concept. For Falstaff life is valuable and must be preserved at any price. He sees the brave Sir Walter Blunts corpse and exclaims Theres honour for you Yet he confesses a moment later, that he has deliberately allowed his men to be killed in order to line his own pockets. Give me life; which if I can save, so; if not, honour comes unlooked for, and theres an end Falstaffs version of honour licenses him to do anything so long as his own life is preserved. If we are in doubt that Falstaffs honour is as dangerous and empty an idea as Hotspurs, then we are finally convinced by his shocking mutilation of Hotspurs corpse. The irony, of course, is that Falstaff commits this cowardly act in order to gain the rewards of the honour he despises. Between the two extreme attitudes to honour is the figure of Hal. At the beginning of the play, as his father points out, his reputation is the very opposite of Hotspurs. As the play goes on Hal begins to present a changed public image. The rebel Veronon describes his preparations for war in terms which depict Hal as the very soul of honour. Being honourable doesnt make you a good leader it is the opposite in fact. Hal is a good leader and he is quite dishonourable, Hotspur is the epitome of honour but isnt a good leader. To be a good leader you need to be able to use rhetoric and be very cunning and a bit dishonest. Hotspur is none of these and this is why he is not a good leader. Hal is the central character in the play and in his progress to maturity we see a princes education as he learns the nature and responsibilities of kingship. Hal has a reputation for being part of a low life circle that spend most of their time getting drunk, womanising and thieving. Hal is sly and sneaky; this is shown in his soliloquy at the end of Act 1 scene ii. He says that he is aware of the nature of his tavern companions but will put up with their idleness for a while. He will imitate the sun by allowing himself to be covered with clouds, so that when he reappears it will be amazing, My reformation glittering oer my fault shall show more goodly and attract more eyes In some ways this is quite childish and immature. For just as Hotspur is over anxious to monopolise honour, Hal here seems over anxious to present his reformation in the most dramatic way. Hal has no pride in himself until his reformation when he becomes the prince he should be. Hotspur shows his dislike for rhetoric and his love of truth in Act III. Glendower talks of disturbances of a heavenly and earthly nature at his birth at my birth the front of heaven was full of fiery shapes, Hotspur contradicts these comments. Glendower continues talking about how he is magical. Here Hotspur shows his impetuous side by saying to Glendower, let me not understand you then: Speak it in Welsh, meaning that no men speaks better Welsh (talks nonsense and brags). Hotspur doesnt like the way Glendower uses rhetoric relentlessly. He prefers to speak the straightforward truth. From this childish exchange we gain further insight into Hotspurs character, he cannot bear to think that someone else could share glory and honour with him. This also shows that he would prefer to speak the truth rather than made up stories. Hal on the other hand loves to talk in rhetoric and uses it all of the time. He is very good at using language to get his own way. This is shown in Act III scene ii. In this scene we see the King and the Prince together for the first time. The King says that Hal must have been sent by God to punish his own mistreadings. The King cant understand why in spite of his royal blood Hal is so attached to vulgar pleasures with his unfavourable companions such barren pleasures, rude society. Hal is hurt and in a subdued and repentant mood replies that he is not guilty of everything that he is charged with. He says that the stories are malicious gossip and asks for forgiveness As well as I am doubtless I can purge Myself of many I am charg withal. The King then goes on to talk about how little respect people have for Hal and how he has lost his place on the council thy place in council thou hast rudely lost. Hal is obviously hurt by the extent to which he has lost his fathers affection and respect and in a passionate speech swears he will redeem himself and kill Hotspur, I will redeem all this on Percys head. We know that Hal is very cunning so he might actually be pretending that he is hurt by what his father says so that he can win back his affections. In this scene we see an aspect of Hal that makes him a good leader. He can use rhetoric and acting to get his own way. This is something that Hotspur never does as he prefers to be up front and honest. This is a very important scene for other reasons besides the rhetoric and the reconciliation of the King and the Prince. Here we are made aware of the essential part that the rivalry plays in Henry IV Part 1. In the very first scene of the play we noticed how Henry compares the two, to Hals disadvantage; Hotspur is everything he would like his own son to be. Hal and Hotspur are each conscious of the others pursuits; in Act 1 Scene iii Hotspur calls Hal that same sword-and-buckler Prince of Wales While in Act II scene iv Hal characterizes Hotspur as a murderous hothead. Neither judgement reveals the respect they feel for each other. Now we see that their rivalry is to be crucial to the salvation, not only of Hals character, but of the kingdom. The personal and political threads of the play are entwined, and we are prepared for the climax, the single combat of Hal and Hotspur in Act V In Act V scene v. When they are about to fight Hal says Hotspur is a very valiant rebel but that they can no longer share in glory. Two stars cannot move in one course and England cannot have a double reign of Hal and Hotspur. It shall not replies Hotspur, for the hour is come, To end the one of us This really shows the great respect that they have for each other. Shakespeare is saying that to be a good leader you need to be able to use language to your advantage. In Act IV scene I we see one of many scenes that show how impatient and impetuous Hotspur is. Hotspur receives a letter from his father saying that he will not be bringing troops as he is sick. Hotspur exclaims that Northumberlands sickness infects the whole enterprise, Tis catching hither, even to our camp This has greatly reduced the number of troops available for fighting and really they should postpone the attack until other soldiers arrive. Hotspur says that his fathers absence will make their business seem all the more heroic and daring (thus adding to his own honour), It lends a lustre and more great opinion, A larger dare to our enterprise. So they decide to go ahead with the attack against the wishes of Worcester. For Hotspur war is not regarded as something terrible and destructive but is simply a means of more glory. At the end of Act I Scene ii he shows his immature attitude, O, let the hours be short, Till fields and blows and groans applaud our sport! Hal is in no way impatient and impetuous, Hal is scheming and thinks about what he has to do rather than rushing in. He knows what he wants this is shown in his soliloquy in Act I. This is one of the reasons why he is a really good leader. He doesnt get flustered, he holds his cards close to his chest. Hotspur has a bad temper that flares up over of the slightest thing. He is depicted as a fiery red head who acts first and thinks later, even his name suggests this. In Act I scene iii Hotspur is in the court with the King. Hotspur is refusing to give the King any prisoners unless he pays ransoms for Mortimer who has been captured. The king refuses saying that Mortimer is a traitor redeem a traitor home, Let him starve on the Welsh mountains This is too much for Hotspur who flies into one of his tempers and exclaims revolted Mortimer. He tries to explain that Mortimer fought bravely for the king Those mouth wounds, which valiantly he took, When on the gentle Severns sedgy bank. Henry doesnt listen and departs from the court. Hotspur is beside himself with rage; he wants to express his feelings even at the risk of his own safety, and attempts to follow the King An if the devil come roar for them, I will not send them he will not give up the prisoners. He is restrained by his father, but continues to rant. This is the reason that the rebellion begins. Hotspur doesnt think straight when he is in one of his tempers and is lucky that his father was there to restrain him. This is also an example of the way that Hotspur takes action rather than thinking about it. Hal is cool headed but can be nasty towards Falstaff. He knows that one day soon he will have to break his ties with Falstaff. Deep down Hal knows that Falstaff is a thief, and a king cannot be friends with him. As the play draws on Hal drifts slowly away from Falstaff. In the midst of the battle Falstaff offers Hal a bottle of wine instead of a weapon, Hal angrily throws it back, underlining the desperate circumstance by his question is it a time to jest and dally now. Hal has realized when play must stop and serious life begin, but Falstaff has not. A number of times during the play Hal blames Falstaff of corrupting him but it is the other way round. Hal is the corrupter. In act V scene iv Falstaff stabs Hotspurs dead body and pretends that he has killed him. He says that Hal is lying and did not kill Hotspur. Hal isnt angry with him and even offers him help. This shows that Hal has not completely tired of Falstaffs company. He is torn between princely leadership and princely fun. Hotspur is extremely ambitious. He believes that he can do anything he wants to. He believes he can pluck bright honour from the moon- An if the devil come roar for them I will not send them. This shows how Hotspur has the utmost confidence in himself. Sometimes his ambition can over rule reason. His main ambition in life is to get honour. Since he wants to monopolize honour, he must defeat any possible rival, in this case Hal. Hotspur rebels against the king because he feels that his honour is threatened by the Percys association with what he calls this ingrate and cankered Bolingbroke. He doesnt wants to be King. He is just trying to do what he believes is right. Mortimer is the rightful King and even though to rebel is wrong in this case it is right. But what is honour. In act V Falstaff explicitly states his notion of honour. He wittily reduce honour to an empty concept. The difference between Hal and Hotspur is that Hals attitude to honour is neither obsessive nor unreflective. Hal certainly wants to gain honour and defeat Hotspur, but he does not lack a sense of proportion or of the human cost of war. When Hal makes his challenge it is as much to save blood on either side. When Hotspur wishes for single combat with Hal I feel that he does so because it might increase the glory for him if he wins. We first see Hotspurs private life in Act II scene iii. At his castle in Northumberland where he has received a letter he is not happy about. His wife Kate enters and shows her concern for him. In this scene we see a tender side of Hotspur we have not seen until now and will not see much of again. She is worried about why for the past few weeks he has been so distant and preoccupied For what offence have I this fortnight been A banishd woman from my Harrys bed. Hotspur changes the subject, but it is brought straight back up by Kate. He says that this is a world for battles not for love. When Hotspur tells her he does not love her, Kate seems upset by this and is not sure if he is joking or not. But, says Hotspur, when he is on his horse then he will swear he loves her And when I am o horseback, I will swear I love thee infinitely. He reassures her, saying Whither I go, there shall you go too. This view of Hotspur with his wife allows us to see that he is not completely rash and unfeeling. Most noblemen wouldnt let their wifes near the battle field but Hotspur wants her near and she is going to follow the next day. His exchanges with his wife reveal a tender and affectionate aspect of his character, an aspect that he represses in pursuit of honour. Hal has a different social life to Hotspur. He spends most of his time in the tavern with his friends. He drinks and plays practical jokes on other people. He is very quick witted and loves to use rhetoric. There is no sign of him having any lady friends as he was probably too busy drinking. Falstaff is a womaniser but there is no reason to make us believe that Hal is too. He never seems to get anxious or get cross; he is too cool headed. Hotspur seems to be over confident, he always seems to be sure that he is right and that the rebels will win. He doesnt wear his heart on his sleeve and covers up his feelings so that it doesnt make him look weak, but deep down or subconsciously he is quite nervous about the rebellion. This is shown in Act II scene iii. In his sleep he has murmured of war and weapons. His wife says In thy faint slumbers I by thee have watchd and heard thee murmur tales of iron wars Hotspur might look confident on the surface but deep down is he. Hotspur is a great competitor and doesnt like to lose, he wants to reign supreme. Hal doesnt like losing, this is another reason that Henry IV part 1 is such a great play. The rivalry is phenomenal and neither wants to lose but only one can triumph. Hal on the other hand is quietly confident about everything that he is going to do. This is shown in the soliloquy in Act I. As the play goes on he becomes more and more self-assured. In Act II Hal becomes extremely confident, in some ways over confident, after he has listened to his father telling him that he is failing him Hal states that he will kill Hotspur. It is a bit presumptuous of him seeing as Hotspur is the greatest soldier in Britain at that time. Hal must have spent time training and learning how to fight when he was younger or he must have been learning in between being in the tavern, he knew that his time would come. Throughout the play Shakespeare asks questions about leadership and what characteristics you need to have to be a good leader. Shakespeare exaggerates Hal and Hotspurs faults, this is because he is querying political power. He is hinting that all political power is corrupt. What is power and how do you get it? He shows that the better leader will be the one that can use language to manipulate people. Hotspur has some very good characteristics but he is not a good leader. Hotspur needs to play the political game, you cant be honest and be a good leader. The play also shows that you will get punished if you rebel. The characteristics that your must have to be a good leader are being dishonourable, using language to great effect, being ambitious but not shouting about it, being dishonest and being very cunning. These are the qualities that Hal posses, even though Hotspur is probably the better person morally he has not got the characteristics to be a good leader.

Wedding Speech by a Childhood Friend of the Groom -- Wedding Toasts Ro

Wedding Speech by a Childhood Friend of the Groom Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of the bridesmaids, I would like to thank Scott for his kind words. For once in my life, I find myself agreeing with him - they look stunning and did an excellent job today. For those of you who don't know me, my name is Jason. I’ve been Scott’s best friend for nearly 20 years. I’ve known him for a similar period. And all the time we’ve spent growing up together means that he’s had as much of a part in developing my sense of humor as anyone. So, while I have tried to make this speech funny, it’s his fault if it’s not. I have very fond memories of growing up with Scott. I’ve been his partner in crime on many a wild occasion and, in quieter times, a close confidant to whom he could tell almost anything. And I do mean anything – which has provided me with ample material for my speech this afternoon. Although I did agree not to divulge any details of the stag night, like about the Danish stripper he got chatting to in the hotel bar. So I won’t. Scott and I have done many things together during our almost life-long friendship – although they’re probably not quite as interesting to relate as the story about that Danish stripper, but I gave him my word on that one. Anyway, over the years we've built go-carts together, rode our bikes together, played football together, bunked school together, tried to... ...r. And I, as much as all of you, want that happiness for myself. Er, sorry, I mean, I want their happiness to last forever. And I do. So although I’m not actually married myself [turn to bridesmaids again], I thought it might be helpful if I offered them each a little piece of advice. Pamela: no matter how far away you are from your loved one, when you’re married, you’re never alone - because you know where my flat is. And Scott: getting married bestows upon you many, many obligations. But remember, foreplay is only optional. Ladies and gentlemen, on a final and serious note, please be upstanding and raise your glasses to my very best friend and his beautiful new wife. To Scott and Pamela.

Discover the affects of PH on the enzyme catalase

Catalase- This is an enzyme found in food such as potato and liver. It is used for removing Hydrogen Peroxide from cells. Hydrogen Peroxide is the poisonous by-product of metabolism. It speeds up the decomposition of hydrogen Peroxide into oxygen and water. It is able to do this because the shape of its active site matches the shape of Hydrogen Peroxide molecule. This type of reaction where a molecule is broken down into smaller pieces is an ANABOLIC REACTION. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON ENZYMES: Enzymes- Enzymes are complex 3-D globular proteins, some of which have other associated molecules. Enzymes are a catalyst which alters the rate of chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent change, and therefore can be used over and over again. Enzymes help reactions speed up which would otherwise take place very slowly. While the enzyme molecule is relatively larger than the larger than the substrate molecule it acts upon, only a small part of the enzyme molecule actually comes into contact. This region is called the ACTIVE SITE. The active site of an enzyme is the region that binds the substrate and contributes the amino acid residues that directly participate in the making and breaking of chemical bonds. However, all enzymes operate only on a specific shape and therefore fit only complementary locks, so only substrates of a particular shape will fit the active site of an enzyme. Prediction I predict that as the PH increases the activity of enzyme increases until the optimum PH is reached. Catalase optimum ph is around 6-7.after that the enzyme will be denatured. Hypothesis The enzyme will have an optimum pH of around neutral. Either side of the optimum pH will have relatively high rates of reaction or far away from the optimum pH will have a low rate of reaction. The enzyme catalase is found in many tissues including potato and liver. It is important because it breaks down the hydrogen peroxide formed in metabolism. Hydrogen peroxide is toxic and if it were not broken down it would kill the cells. As it does this, it liberates carbon dioxide that can be collected. CHEMICAL EQUATION: 2H2O2 ——————-> 2H2O + O2 I also hypothesize that the catalase activity will be highest with the sample of potato comparing to the apple. Variables The factors, which will have an affect on the enzyme activity, will be: * Temperature * Concentration of enzymes * pH The variable in which I will be using to investigate the enzyme activity is the temperature. The rest of the variables will be kept constant and only the temperatures will be changed. Apparatus To test how the PH affects the rate of reaction, I will use the following apparatus: * Gas syringe through bung * Potato * Hydrogen Peroxide * Stop Clock * Cork borer * Scalpel * water Beaker-250 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ * Delivery Tube * Ph 3,5,7,9 * 5 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ or 10 cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ plastic syringe with end cut off * measuring cylinder * conical flask * White tile * wax * Test tubes * Test tube rack * Safety equipment; goggles, lab coat, gloves Alternative: Use yeast, broad beans or liver, instead of potato and apple. Method 1. Measure out 5cm3 of potato into a conical flask 2. Measure out 10 cm3 of buffer solution into a separate container and mix it with minced potato. 3. Measure out 5cm3 volume of hydrogen peroxide in syringe. 4. Fill a tub with water. 5. Completely immerse a measuring cylinder in the water making sure to release all air bubbles in the cylinder and keep underwater. 6. Position the cylinder upright ensuring the open end remains underwater and clamp securely 7. Add the hydrogen peroxide to the potato and place bung on conical flask whilst starting timer. 8. Run experiment for 5 minutes taking readings every 30 seconds by noting the amount of gas at top of cylinder (at meniscus) 9. Repeat the experiment with different ph. Justification of method: I have chosen to use this method because it is safe, efficient and accurate. I feel that it will help me to obtain reliable results. Risk Assessment * Hydrogen peroxide is a dangerous substance. It can cause serious injury to the eyes and skin. It is therefore necessary that goggles be used for eye protection. In addition, eye irrigation equipment should be readily available in case of an emergency. * The working area must be clean, tidy and dry. Make sure there is no obstacle in the working area so that you can easily move around as. This allows you to perform the experiment safely and unimpeded care should be taken to ensure that liquid is not spilled onto the floor to cause slippage. Result table Time(s) Oxygen gas collected (cm3) Ph 3 ph 5 ph7 ph9 30 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.5 60 1.5 3.0 1.5 2.0 90 1.5 5.0 2.0 2.0 120 1.5 7.0 5.65 2.0 150 1.5 8.3 10.3 2.0 180 1.5 9.0 14.35 2.0 210 1.5 10.0 17.35 2.0 240 1.5 11.1 20.15 2.0 270 1.5 13.6 24.15 2.0 300 1.5 14.0 31.15 2.0 These results clarify that the optimum ph for catalase is 7 which supports my prediction. At the lowest ph 3, less oxygen was released, measuring a slower rate of reaction. My background information explains this. The enzyme don't work as it is neared extreme PHS. This is because its shape would have been change slightly; means the active site may not fit into the substrate any more. Further investigation: If this investigation were to be done again, I would take all results myself and use my own interpretation, thus gaining more reliable results. I will know how much potato to measure out for each experiment and also I will make sure that the other variables are kept constant. I have taken the same amount of each, keeping them constant. This would give me clearer results to aid me in my understanding as to how ph can affect the activity of catalase.

Effects of Brand Association on Small Scale Traders Essay

Effects of Brand Association on Small-Scale Traders Introduction            What are the effects of brand association on the performance of small-scale traders? Brand, in this case, refers to the version of a product made by one particular manufacturer. Levitt (1983) affirms that positive brand associations are developed if the product which the brand depicts is durable, marketable and desirable. He further asserts that the customers must be persuaded through advertisements, that the brand possesses the features and attributes that will satisfy their needs. This will lead to customers having a positive impression about the product. Positive brand association helps an organization to gain goodwill, and obstructs the competitor’s entry into the market.            Hypothetically speaking, one would say that effort coupled with utmost discipline on the side of the small-scale traders would assure them total success. It makes so much sense when looked at on the surface. Truth be told, brand association is inevitable if the small-scale traders are to thrive. Though an idea that I am suggesting for the big question throbbing on every small-scale trader’s mind, it has not yet been proved to be correct. The bottom line is, brand association has an influence on the performance of small scale traders. This is because it provides consumers with a point of differentiation of the various types of products provided by the small-scale traders. Brand association is an important dimension of brand equity because, like human association, it is both differentiating and enduring. Consumer perceptions of price, quality and value are considered pivotal determinants of shaping behaviors and product choice (Bishop, 2004). Methods of recruitment            When looking at the methods to be used in recruiting people who would carry out the research, it would be prudent to seek the work of professionals. This would be because professionals are adequately equipped and have been in the practice for a while, hence would render the very best. This way value for the finances spent on the whole process is sure. A matter of great importance that cannot be ignored would be how the recruitment process should go down. This is in order to take in, not just professionals, but the best in the market. There are a number of viable and proven recruitment methods that will most assuredly give the best results, in terms of professional personality. Firstly, I would develop a job description making crystal the requirements necessary for the work at hand. Sending local e-mails would not be an option to ensure extensive coverage of the advertisement (Managing Agency workers, 2013). The e-mails would inform potential staff of the opening an d ask them to share the information with family and friends. More to that, posting on a website with a link to employee testimonies would go a long way in communication in regard to the recruitment. Finally, since advertising via television would be a bit costly, radio would be the perfect media of communication. This is because it would especially get to the people at the grass roots Levitt (1983).            In conclusion, measure is key in the whole process and must be put in check. Measure refers to the quantitative necessity in the whole research process. The study measure to be used will totally be dependent on the market size occupied by the small-scale traders (Meenaghan, 1995). Using large, medium, and small market sizes, having 2 hectares as the size of a small market, approximately 3 employees would comfortably cover the area. The question of relativity cannot be ignored to clearly and acceptably bring home the key question here, which is, ‘what study measure?’ With all that in place, the question of the effects of brand association on performance of small-scale traders would have been adequately and appropriately responded to. References Levitt, T. (1983). The globalization of markets. Harvard Business Review, May/June, pp. 23-26. Meenaghan, T. (1995). The role of advertising in brand image development. Journal of Brand and Product Management, Vol. 4 Issue 4, pp. 23-24. Source document

The Role of Human Resources Management in an Organisation The WritePass Journal

The Role of Human Resources Management in an Organisation Introduction- The Role of Human Resources Management in an Organisation Introduction-DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HRM AND PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT-Organisation Structure and HRM strategy- Key HRM activities of Air-IndiaThe changing role of the Human resources Management-Human Resources Management Models- Harvard Framework Model of the Human resources Management-Functions of HRM at the Time of Austerity:Recommendation-ConclusionRelated Introduction- Human resource is considered as the backbone of any organisation. The concept of the Human resource management (HRM) had been debated in the literature. Initially the concept of HRM developed from U.S.A in the 1960s. It plays vital role in creating organisation. In the recent scenario human resources has added more values in developing country. The Human resource management is very fast growing concept. It has marvellous relevance in the productivity industry. Management of the people and staff practices and policies enable to carry organisation successfully. Human resource management is all about allowing staff to utilise their qualities in order to fulfil their contribution and role of the organisation motive and aim. Good human resource management is very much crucial if organisation want to entice and hold good staff. It also means that an organisation reduces risk to its staff and reputation. Human resources management can also reduce organisation cost. For example, good recruit ment processes and policies mean that organisation can recruit more staff that can carry their jobs very efficiently. On the counter part, good system for performance management mean that organisation has to ensure that they are achieving best from their staff. Human resource management included all management practices and decisions which may stimulus the employees. The Human Resources Management (HRM) included all activities like training; recruiting, satisfying employee’s needs and also confirming personnel and management practise. HRM also comprise managing an approach to provide compensation and benefits of employee. Evolution of the Human Resource function DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HRM AND PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT- Although both human resource management (HRM) and personnel management focus on people management, if we examine critically, there are many differences between them. Some are listed HRM, on the contrary, encourages organizations to look beyond pay for functional duties. Here, the pay is designed to encourage continuous job performance and improvement which is linked to value-added incentives such as gain sharing schemes, group profit sharing and individual incentive plans. The job design is no more functional based but teamwork and cyclical based. HRM creates a new approach towards job design such as job rotation which is inter and intra-departmental based and job enlargement which encourages one potential and capable individual to take on more tasks to add value to his/her job and in return enjoy added incentives and benefits. Organisation Structure and HRM strategy- Air-India is always well know importance of human resources and it HR polices are mainly focusing on best service in the airline industry. With the concentration on the same, Air-India also goes for campus recruitment from the colleges or universities to recruit young students for the company. The following the key factors for HR committee: Employee’s growth strategy Confinement and attraction strategies for worker To motivate learning within the company Human resource management department responsibilities can be broadly classified by individual, organizational, and career areas. Individual management entails helping employees identify their strengths and weaknesses; correct their shortcomings; and make their best contribution to the enterprise. These duties are carried out through a variety of activities such as performance reviews, training, and testing. Organizational development, meanwhile, focuses on fostering a successful system that maximizes human (and other) resources as part of larger business strategies. This important duty also includes the creation and maintenance of a change program, which allows the organization to respond to evolving outside and internal influences. The third responsibility, career development, entails matching individuals with the most suitable jobs and career paths within the organization. Human resource management functions are ideally positioned near the theoretic centre of the organization, with access to all areas of the business. Since the HRM department or manager is charged with managing the productivity and development of workers at all levels, human resource personnel should have access to and the support of key decision makers. In addition, the HRM department should be situated in such a way that it is able to effectively communicate with all areas of the company. HRM structures vary widely from business to business, shaped by the type, size, and governing philosophies of the organization that they serve. But most organizations organize HRM functions around the clusters of people to be helped they conduct recruiting, administrative, and other duties in a central location. Different employee development groups for each department are necessary to train and develop employees in specialized areas, such as sales, engineering, marketing, or executive education. In contrast, some HRM departments are completely independent and are organized purely by function. The same tra ining department, for example, serves all divisions of the organization. In recent years, however, observers have cited a decided trend toward fundamental reassessments of human resources structures and positions. A cascade of changing business conditions, changing organizational structures, and changing leadership has been forcing human resource departments to alter their perspectives on their role and function almost over-night, wrote John Johnston in Business Quarterly. Previously, companies structured themselves on a centralized and compartmentalized basishead office, marketing, manufacturing, shipping, etc. They now seek to decentralize and to integrate their operations, developing cross-functional teams. Today, senior management expects HR to move beyond its traditional, compartmentalized bunker approach to a more integrated, decentralized support function. Given this change in expectations, Johnston noted that an increasingly common trend in human resources is to decentralize the HR function and make it accountable to specific line manageme nt. This increases the likelihood that HR is viewed and included as an integral part of the business process, similar to its marketing, finance, and operations counterparts. However, HR will retain a centralized functional relationship in areas where specialized expertise is truly required, such as compensation and recruitment responsibilities. Key HRM activities of Air-India Organization The employment relationship Resourcing Utilisation The changing role of the Human resources Management- Human Resources Management Models- By using the core concept of the HRM there are mainly five basic models which are used in practise. The assessment is lead in the context of the recently liberalized economic environment. The five models of HRM namely ‘Matching model, Harvard model, Contextual, 5-P model and European model identifies the main research question developing from these that can be used to highlight the HRM practices. Harvard Framework Model of the Human resources Management- The model shows and characterizes as a real actor which is capable of making some degree of the same contribution which is related to the corporate objective within the organizational constraints. The framework of Harvard model mainly has five components which are mainly The situational factors which influence the management of HR strategy. This model involves workforce characteristics management philosophy factors. According to Beer et al (1958), In the Human resources management policies, Stakeholders interests are the very important. To satisfy the stakeholder HRM should be responsible and if they failed to do so then they have to face some problems. Air-India had faced some problems in their past. HRM of Air-India had developed a new policy with the government and also they fulfilled the expectation of stakeholders. Policies of HRM select and totally focus upon the management actions and decision in the HR management which can be appreciated on the bases of result from an interaction between choices and constraints. Air-India sees to that polices that are being implemented should be approachable to the employee. Regular feedback should be made in the company through the different mediums. Human resource outcomes are highly employee commitment to organizational goals. Individual performance is the leading to the cost effectiveness of product and the services. As mentioned above paragraph the HRM is in this Air-India organization is participating in six major areas. By Optimizing the success of the Air-India’s Service through effective management and the development of the most valuable employees is responsibility of HRM. The Harvard Framework model helps in maintaining good relations of HRM with the other department of management which includes decision making also. The strength of this model is that the classification of input and outcome of societal level and organizational level creates the basic for an analysis of comparative HRM. The weakness of this model is the absences of coherent theoretical basics for measuring the relationship between HRM performance and outcomes. Guest Model- David guest (1989) has advanced a more rigid conjectural framework, which reflects set of incorporated HRM practices cab achieve superior individual and organizational performance. The central theory of guest model is that if an integrated set of HRM practices is applied in rational fashion, with a view to achieve the normative goals of high commitment, high quality and task flexibility, then a superior individual performance will result. This model has six of its components: The Guest model (1989) is prescriptive in the sense that it is based on the assumption that HRM it is distinctively different from traditional personnel management (rooted in strategic management, etc.).It is idealistic, implicitly embodying the belief that fundamental elements of the HRM approach such as commitment have a direct relationship with valued business consequences. However, Guest (1989) has acknowledged that the concept of commitment is messy and that the relationship between commitment and high performance is difficult to establish. It also employs a flow approach, seeing strategy underpinning practice, leading to a variety of desired outcomes. Like its American predecessors, this UK model is unitary (tying employee behaviour and commitment into the goals of strategic management) and lukewarm on the value of trade unions. The employee relationship is viewed as one between the individual and the organization. However it is being argued that the guest model does not identify the key difference between HRM and personnel management namely a shift from a hands on, fire fighting approach to a planning function of a company as being a part of the overall corporate strategy. Air-India continuously monitors its employees and sees that they are satisfied with the policies and their feedback is taken into the account for every policy that changes it makes. Other critics had observed that the guest model may simply be an ideal type towards which western organizations can move . Human resource management at organisational level- Human resource management consists of many aspects. Few organisations may feel overcome and uncertain about where to start making enhancements. This case is mainly for the organisation that do not have department which is precisely responsible for human resources management. There are many aids in human recourses management of having ownership with staff members. For example, the organisation can be kept informed on legal matters. A synchronized method can be taken with favour with practice and policy. This may help to ensure that the organisation have reasonable and reliable behaviour towards its staff. They have access to assistance on the issues which are related to the staff. Payments are fair and reliable. Good practice and strategy can be put in place. This enables best people to be recruited. Functions of HRM at the Time of Austerity: Human resource planning (HRP) is where the HRM professionals or management predict the need for new work forced based on the vacancy that exits or which is predicted for the future Recruitment Selection- Recruitment and selection play very vital role process and it is important to select the best staff for the organisation. This guide sets out best practices to assist in making process effective. The success of HRM is based on recruitment selection of employees of an organisation. The quality of the service is mainly influenced by recruitment and service of the organisation.   At the time austerity, Air-India started internal recruitment which was very effective tool in the recession. As Air-India needs to cut jobs and best aptitudes in the company can be offered challenges and new jobs opportunities. The organisation has set the job openings and the employees can compete for the defined job position. But the internal recruitment is not safe for all the employees it is only safe for those who want to get a new job challenge in the company. At the time of recession internal recruitment process in Air-India was very congested. The Human resources management have managed the full pr ocess open and transparent. All the Applications were managed and the employees got the feedback from the job interview.   After this Air- India designed whole recruitment process as temporary and healthy and all applications were recorded carefully as result of that there was no mess and no complain from employees in the whole process. The internal recruitment process helps to the company to reinforce it talents and capabilities at the time of austerity as the employees move to the better job position. Performance structure ropes an integrated human resource strategy which helps the accomplishment of business and organizational goals. In every organisation performance appraisals is plays vital role for their future organizational growth organisation must ensure to implements a comprehensible feedback process to their employees. At Air-India the Human Recourses team appraise the performance linked to the Air-India’s organisation goal by providing goal and also by there working strategy for their future growth. Performance management system comprises Performance appraisal is an important way to ensure that the organization implements a comprehensible feedback process for its employees in order to promote personal and organizational future development. Most high-performing organizations have procedures in place to offer structured response of all employees on a regular basis as a means of capturing the effectiveness of individual performance. Revision of employee performance will help the organization to get involved in this crucial process of managing employees more fairly and effectively. Training Development- Most of the organisation focuses on the training to their employees with the help the proper resources to achieve company’s goal. Air-India designated right person to motive for its training programme and start its development and training services.   Air-India concentrated on biennial training strategy to include funding required for the plan and an strategy for fulfilling the goal, objective and the procedures. Recommendation- For any organization no matter how big or small there is always room for improvement in HR. following are my suggestions Performance feedback- managers should meet individually with staff once is 3 months and provide a feedback on the particular staff members performance and suggest improvements that could be, made before the next meeting Clearly defined expectation from the staff managers to make it clear to employees on what is expected from them on a regular basis. Regular absenteeism managers should do a counselling with staff and find out if the employee has any grievances or job dissatisfaction which is causing the absenteeism. Defining career development goals motivating staff by showing them what they are working for and that they have a clear achievable career path with Air-India. Performance appraisal as an on-going thing rather than an annual thing. Setting S.M.A.R.T objectives for staff this should be set in direct alignment to Air-India corporate objectives. Authorised leave at the beginning on the year to provide staff leave forms that must be handed back within a given deadline so that holidays won’t affect the business and adequate staff to cover the shift. Constantly review HR procedures and policy to make sure it is up-to-date with the law and its suitability for HR. Training development managers to identify staff training and development needs and to work with HR department to ensure these needs are met Conclusion Human resources are a key element in the success or failure of monitoring programmes to meet their objectives. Without an adequate strategy to develop the human resources available and attract high calibre staff, monitoring programmes rapidly stagnate. Whilst poor quality of staff in water quality monitoring programme may reflect a wider difficulty in attracting staff to the sector, every effort should be made to invest in staff at all levels. Human resources development should encompass a much wider remit than training and should address issues such as career structures and professional development. It should also provide all levels of staff with the support and framework within which to function effectively and efficiently. Human resource management play a vital role in achieving organizational goals through HR planning and managing performance. In this assignment I have discuss different rolls of HRM in selected organization (Air-India).HRM not only responsible for HR planning and decision making. Through recruitment, training and development HRM selects best employees for organization which play its role to achieve strategic goals. Through HRM performance appraisal which makes an organization more efficient. It does not only focus on the overall strategic goal of an organisation, but also manage its human capital also helps in keep track on globalization and the effects or benefits it could have and at the same time have to monitor and updating the organizations HR policies and procedures. The HR department must not only attract, recruit, selecting and train and develop the workforce but also helps in monitoring through different methods.